| Letteration and birefringence | 
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          | Orthogonal Nicole Interference Color and Lettering | 
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          | KOBRA measurement principle (parallel Nicol rotation method) | 
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          | Method of determining 3D refractive index | 
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          | Wavelength dispersion measurement method of phase difference | 
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          | Low phase difference measurement method | 
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          | High phase difference measurement method | 
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          | Display of polarized light by Poincare sphere | 
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          | How to measure elliptically polarized light | 
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          | Regarding the phase difference Rth in the thickness direction | 
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          | Re separation of two laminated films | 
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          | Layer separation of laminated product of polarizing plate + two retardation plates | 
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          | Phase difference measurement of injection molded products | 
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